Color M: Gradientes atriais e ventriculares na diástole.

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Loss of Adrenergic Augmentation of Diastolic Intra-LV Pressure Difference in Patients With Diastolic DysfunctionEvaluation by Color M-Mode Echocardiography

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AQUI  LINK
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Methods  We studied 166 consecutive patients undergoing dobutamine stress echocardiography who had no inducible ischemia and an EF ≥50%, of which 21 had normal diastolic function, 14 had impaired relaxation (grade 1), 80 had pseudonormal filling (grade 2), and 51 had restrictive filling (grade 3). Color M-mode Doppler (CMMD) images of mitral inflow were obtained at rest and during low (10 μg/kg/min) and peak (20 to 40 μg/kg/min) doses of dobutamine. The total IVPD from the LA to LV apex, LA to mid-LV, and mid-LV to the LV apex were calculated using the CMMD data to integrate the Euler equation.
Results  Total IVPD was not different between groups at rest. With dobutamine, the total IVPD increased by 2.20 ± 1.95 mm Hg in normal subjects and by only 0.73 ± 1.33 mm Hg, 1.84 ± 1.63 mm Hg, and 1.08 ± 1.57 mm Hg in patients with grades 1, 2, and 3 DD, respectively. This difference was due to a failure in augmentation of IVPD from the mid-LV to the LV apex, indicating reduced apical ventricular suction with DD, whereas the IVPD from the LA to the mid-LV responded similarly to dobutamine in normal subjects and those with DD.
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Conclusions  In patients with preserved EF, DD is associated with a reduced adrenergic augmentation of the IVPD from the mid-LV to the LV apex, reflecting less apical suction.
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Você chegou a pensar que o modo M Color não servia para mais nada?
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Interessante trabalho publicado no JACC mostra variações do gradiente entre o átrio e ventrículo na diástole e a ação da Dobutamina sobre ele.
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Parece que o ápice perde mesmo a sucção induzida por estímulo adrenérgico.
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Este estudo ajudou a esclarecer uma dúvida:
Como a velocidade da onda E era aumentada na taquicardia fisiológica para acelerar o fluxo mitral passivo com o encurtamento da diástole?
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Afinal, a taquicardia do exercício encurta o tempo de enchimento, uma condição que poderia piorar o débito.
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Caso houve um aumento do gradiente, isso só poderia ser causado pela elevação das pressões atriais.
Que transmitidas aos capilares, poderia prejudicar a troca alveolar.
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A resposta está na sucção do sangue do átrio pelo ventrículo esquerdo.
Sucção essa derivada da energia armazenada na sístole e liberada na diástole.
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Sucção também conhecida como onda e´ !!!!
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O estresse sistólico aumentado na taquicardia fisiológica provoca uma sucção elevada.
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Campinas no JACC: RM funciona!

Link aqui.
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Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Expansion by CMR in Infiltrative Heart Disease

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Methods  We performed 3-T CMR in 38 patients (mean age 68 ± 15 years) who were referred for assessment of infiltrative heart disease and also in 9 healthy volunteers as control subjects. The T1 quantification by Look-Locker gradient-echo before and after contrast determined segmental myocardial partition coefficients. The ECF was obtained by referencing the tissue partition coefficient for gadolinium to the plasma volume fraction in blood, derived from serum hematocrit. Cine CMR and LGE imaging in matching locations were also performed.
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Conclusions  The CMR ECF quantification identified substantial expansion of the interstitial space in patients with CA compared with volunteers.
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François-Pierre Mongeon, MD, SM; Michael Jerosch-Herold, PhD; Otávio Rizzi Coelho-Filho, MD, MPH; Ron Blankstein, MD; Rodney H. Falk, MD; Raymond Y. Kwong, MD, MPH
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A RM é muito boa para avaliar estruturas e micronatomia. 
Quando dirigida a essas investigações, os resultado são impressionantes.
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A Amiloidose aumenta os espaços intersticiais e esse aumento se relaciona com a gravidade da doença no coração.
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Nosso colega da UNICAMP participa desse trabalho pioneiro.
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